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eBriefing

2nd Conference on Skeletal Biology and Medicine

2nd Conference on Skeletal Biology and Medicine
Reported by
Megan Stephan

Posted August 10, 2007

Presented By

Mount Sinai School of Medicine and the New York Academy of Sciences

Overview

A host of biomedical researchers are working to understand how bone develops, grows, and is maintained in the adult skeleton, with an eye toward treating skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis and osteogenesis imperfecta, or brittle bone disease. A large number of skeletal biologists and others whose fields intersect with this discipline met in New York on April 25–28, 2007, at the 2nd Conference on Skeletal Biology and Medicine. The meeting, which was jointly hosted at the New York Academy of Sciences and Mount Sinai School of Medicine, was organized and chaired by Mone Zaidi, professor of endocrinology, geriatrics and adult development, and structural and chemical biology at Mount Sinai. Cochairs were Gerard Karsenty of Columbia University and Steven Teitelbaum of the Washington University School of Medicine.

Web Sites

American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
An organization for basic research scientists, clinical investigators, and healthcare practitioners working in the field of bone and mineral metabolism.

Bone and Joint Pathology Index
A collection of bone pathology images.

Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
The branch of U.S. National Institutes of Health concerned with skeletal disorders.

International Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Association
Patient advocacy group promoting research and disseminating information on the disorder.

The International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Comprehensive resource on skeletal dysplasias and a referral center for research into their diagnosis, management, and etiology.

Little People of America
Patient advocacy group for people with dwarfism.

NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases – National Resource Center
A compendium of resources on bone disorders.

Pathology of the Skeleton
A collection of X-ray images of skeletal pathologies.

Foundation for Osteoporosis Research and Education
A nonprofit resource center dedicated to eliminating osteoporosis through research, education, and bone density testing programs.

Osteoporosis and Bone Physiology
Educational site with many instructive images maintained by Dr. Susan Ott of Washington University.

The Paget Foundation
Information on Paget's disease of bone, primary hyperparathyroidism, fibrous dysplasia, osteopetrosis, and skeletal complications of cancer.


Journal Articles

Laying Out the Problems

Glorieux FH. 2007. Experience with bisphosphonates in osteogenesis imperfecta. Pediatrics 119 Suppl 2: S163-165.

Goblirsch MJ, Zwolak PP, Clohisy DR. 2006. Biology of bone cancer pain. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 6231s-6235s.

Harding B, Curley AJ, Hannan FM, et al. 2006. Functional characterization of calcium sensing receptor polymorphisms and absence of association with indices of calcium homeostasis and bone mineral density. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf). 65: 598-605.

Kaplan FS, Glaser DL, Pignolo RJ, et al. 2007. A new era for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: a druggable target for the second skeleton. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 7: 705-712.

Kuperwasser C, Dessain S, Bierbaum BE, et al. 2005. A mouse model of human breast cancer metastasis to human bone. Cancer Res. 65: 6130-6138. Full Text

Liu S, Quarles LD. 2007. How fibroblast growth factor 23 works. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. May 9 [Epub ahead of print]

McNamara LM, Prendergast PJ, Schaffler MB. 2005. Bone tissue material properties are altered during osteoporosis. J. Musculoskelet. Neuronal Interact. 5: 342-343.

Robling AG, Castillo AB, Turner CH. 2006. Biomechanical and molecular regulation of bone remodeling. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 8: 455-498.

Silverman SL. 2006. Selecting patients for osteoporosis therapy. Curr. Osteoporos. 4: 91-95.

Testing Possible Solutions

Ciechanover A. 2006. Intracellular protein degradation: from a vague idea thru the lysosome and the ubiquitin-proteasome system and onto human diseases and drug targeting. Hematology Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program 1-12, 505-506. Full Text

Eghbali-Fatourechi GZ, Modder UI, Charatcharoenwitthaya N, et al. 2007. Characterization of circulating osteoblast lineage cells in humans. Bone 40: 1370-1377.

Fisher BA, Taylor PC. 2007. Etanercept plus sulfasalazine: added value in rheumatoid arthritis? Nat. Clin. Pract. Rheumatol. 3: 70-71.

Garrett IR, Gutierrez GE, Rossini G, et al. 2007. Locally delivered lovastatin nanoparticles enhance fracture healing in rats. J. Orthop. Res. 2007 May 16 [Epub ahead of print]

Jones DC, Wein MN, Oukka M, et al. 2006. Regulation of adult bone mass by the zinc finger adapter protein Schnurri-3. Science 312: 1223-1227.

Potts JT. 2005. Parathyroid hormone: past and present. J. Endocrinol. 187: 311-325. Full Text

Wilke MM, Nydam DV, Nixon AJ. 2007. Enhanced early chondrogenesis in articular defects following arthroscopic mesenchymal stem cell implantation in an equine model. J. Orthop. Res. Apr 2. [Epub ahead of print]

Molecular Controls

Chen X, Macica CM, Dreyer BE, et al. 2006. Initial characterization of PTH-related protein gene-driven lacZ expression in the mouse. J. Bone Miner. Res. 21: 113-123.

Ge C, Xiao G, Jiang D, et al. 2007. Critical role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-MAPK pathway in osteoblast differentiation and skeletal development. J. Cell. Biol. 176: 709-718.

Horowitz MC, Bothwell AL, Hesslein DG, et al. 2005. B cells and osteoblast and osteoclast development. Immunol. Rev. 208: 141-153.

Iwamoto M, Tamamura Y, Koyama E, et al. 2007. Transcription factor ERG and joint and articular cartilage formation during mouse limb and spine skeletogenesis. Dev. Biol. 305: 40-51.

King CG, Kobayashi T, Cejas PJ, et al. 2006. TRAF6 is a T cell-intrinsic negative regulator required for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Nat. Med. 12: 1088-1092.

Li TF, Darowish M, Zuscik MJ, et al. 2006. Smad3-deficient chondrocytes have enhanced BMP signaling and accelerated differentiation. J. Bone Miner. Res. 21: 4-16.

Ono N, Nakashima K, Schipani E, et al. 2007. Constitutively active parathyroid hormone receptor signaling in cells in osteoblastic lineage suppresses mechanical unloading-induced bone resorption. J. Biol. Chem. May 11; [Epub ahead of print]

Pacifici R. 2007. T cells and post menopausal osteoporosis in murine models. Arthritis Res. Ther. 9: 102.

Rodda SJ, McMahon AP. 2006. Distinct roles for Hedgehog and canonical Wnt signaling in specification, differentiation and maintenance of osteoblast progenitors. Development 133: 3231-3244. Full Text

Rydziel S, Stadmeyer L, Zanotti S, et al. 2007. Nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV) inhibits osteoblastogenesis and causes osteopenia. J. Biol. Chem. May 10 [Epub ahead of print]

Shinohara M, Takayanagi H. 2007. Novel osteoclast signaling mechanisms. Curr. Osteoporos. Rep. 5: 67-72.

Cellular Aspects

Bonewald LF. 2006. Mechanosensation and transduction in osteocytes. Bonekey Osteovision 3: 7-15. Full Text

Borysenko CW, Garcia-Palacios V, Griswold RD, et al. 2006. Death receptor-3 mediates apoptosis in human osteoblasts under narrowly regulated conditions. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 1021-1028.

Bruzzaniti A, Baron R. 2006. Molecular regulation of osteoclast activity. Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord. 7: 123-139.

Guha M, Srinivasan S, Biswas G, et al. 2007. Activation of a novel calcineurin-mediated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor pathway, altered metabolism, and tumor cell invasion in cells subjected to mitochondrial respiratory stress. J Biol. Chem. 282: 14536-14546.

Robins JC, Akeno N, Mukherjee A, et al. 2005. Hypoxia induces chondrocyte-specific gene expression in mesenchymal cells in association with transcriptional activation of Sox9. Bone 37: 313-322.

Shao JS, Cai J, Towler DA. 2006. Molecular mechanisms of vascular calcification: lessons learned from the aorta. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 26: 1423-1430.

Teitelbaum SL. 2007. Osteoclasts: what do they do and how do they do it? Am. J. Pathol. 170: 427-435.

Zou W, Kitaura H, Reeve J, et al. 2007. Syk, c-Src, the alphavbeta3 integrin, and ITAM immunoreceptors, in concert, regulate osteoclastic bone resorption. J. Cell. Biol. 176: 877-888.

Global Control

Christakos S, Dhawan P, Peng X, et al. 2007. New insights into the function and regulation of vitamin D target proteins. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 103: 405-410.

Fu L, Patel MS, Karsenty G. 2006. The circadian modulation of leptin-controlled bone formation. Prog. Brain Res. 153: 177-188.

Katayama Y, Battista M, Kao WM, et al. 2006. Signals from the sympathetic nervous system regulate hematopoietic stem cell egress from bone marrow. Cell 124: 407-421. Full Text

Lecka-Czernik B, Ackert-Bicknell C, Adamo ML, et al. 2007. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) by rosiglitazone suppresses components of the insulin-like growth factor regulatory system in vitro and in vivo. Endocrinology 148: 903-911. Full Text

Liu PT, Stenger S, Li H, et al. 2006. Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response. Science 311: 1770-1773.

Ohtake F, Baba A, Takada I, et al. 2007. Dioxin receptor is a ligand-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase. Nature 446: 562-566.

Patano N, Marinaccio M, Vimercati A, 2005. Enhanced osteoclastogenesis in women after natural delivery. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 334: 487-490.

Sun L, Peng Y, Sharrow AC, et al. 2006. FSH directly regulates bone mass. Cell 125: 247-260. Full Text

Useful Reviews

Blair HC, Zaidi M. 2006. Osteoclastic differentiation and function regulated by old and new pathways. Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord. 7: 23-32.

Franceschi RT. 2005. Biological approaches to bone regeneration by gene therapy. J. Dent. Res. 84: 1093-1103. Full Text

Ikegawa S. 2006. Genetic analysis of skeletal dysplasia: recent advances and perspectives in the post-genome-sequence era. J. Hum. Genet. 51: 581-586.

Provot S, Schipani E. 2005. Molecular mechanisms of endochondral bone development. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 328: 658-665.

Ross FP, Christiano AM. 2006. Nothing but skin and bone. J. Clin. Invest. 116: 1140-1149. Full Text

Tsiridis E, Giannoudis PV. 2006. Transcriptomics and proteomics: advancing the understanding of genetic basis of fracture healing. Injury 37 Suppl 1: S13-S19.

Walsh MC, Kim N, Kadono Y, et al. 2006. Osteoimmunology: interplay between the immune system and bone metabolism. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 24: 33-63.

Zaidi M, ed. 2005. Vertebrate skeletal biology. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 328: 647-807.

Conference Organizers

Mone Zaidi, MD, PhD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Mone Zaidi is professor of medicine, geriatrics, and physiology and biophysics at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and the director of the Mount Sinai Bone Program. His research focuses on the regulation of skeletal remodeling by hormones, ions, and the vasculature. He has held several distinguished leadership positions, including acting as chair of the NIH's orthopedics and musculoskeletal grant review panel, and chair on two occasions of the Department of Veteran Affairs' endocrinology grant review board. Zaidi came to Mount Sinai from previous appointments at the Medical College of Pennsylvania, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, and the University of London. He received his MD and PhD degrees from the University of London, where he also received his clinical training under the tutelage of Iain MacIntrye, FRS, the co-discoverer of calcitonin.

Gerard Karsenty, MD, PhD

Columbia University
e-mail | web site | publications

Gerard Karsenty is professor and chair of the Department of Genetics and Development at Columbia University Medical Center, where he studies genetic and hormonal aspects of skeleton formation and maintenance. He came to Columbia from Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, where he was professor of molecular and human genetics and served as scientific director of the Bone Disease Program of Texas. He was a postdoctoral fellow and faculty member in molecular genetics at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center before joining the Baylor faculty in 1998. He also performed postdoctoral studies at the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute before moving to Houston in 1987. Karsenty holds an MD-PhD degree from the University of Paris, France.

Steven L. Teitelbaum, MD

Washington University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Steven Teitelbaum is the Wilma and Roswell Messing Professor of Pathology at Washington University School of Medicine. Teitelbaum studies the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation in order to understand and treat bone pathologies such as osteoporosis. He has served as president of both the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology and the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. He has received numerous awards for his leadership including the William F. Neuman Award of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. In 2004, he received the Second Century Award fromWashington University School of Medicine.


Keynotes

Aaron Ciechanover, MD, DSc

Center for Cancer and Vascular Biology Research
Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Haifa
e-mail | web site | publications

Laurie H. Glimcher, MD

Harvard School of Public Health
e-mail | web site | publications

Shigeaki Kato, PhD

The University of Tokyo
e-mail | web site | publications

John T. Potts, Jr., MD

Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
e-mail | web site | publications

David L. Rimoin, MD, PhD

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center / University of California, Los Angeles
e-mail | web site | publications

Andrew P. McMahon, PhD

Harvard University
e-mail | web site | publications


Speakers

Roy K. Aaron, MD

Brown University
e-mail | web site | publications

Etsuko Abe, PhD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

John S. Adams, MD

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
e-mail | web site | publications

Narayan G. Avadhani, PhD

University of Pennsylvania
e-mail | web site | publications

Itai Bab, DMD

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
e-mail | web site | publications

Roland Baron, DDS, PhD

Yale University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Harry C. Blair, MD

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Lynda F. Bonewald, PhD

University of Missouri
Kansas City School of Dentistry
e-mail | web site | publications

Brendan F. Boyce, MD

University of Rochester Medical Center
e-mail | web site | publications

Arthur E. Broadus, MD, PhD

Yale University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Ernesto Canalis, MD

Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center
University of Connecticut School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Xu Cao, PhD

University of Alabama at Birmingham
e-mail | web site | publications

Jill Carrington, PhD

National Institute on Aging – NIH
e-mail | web site | publications

Yongwon Choi, PhD

University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Sylvia Christakos, PhD

UMDNJ–New Jersey Medical School
e-mail | web site | publications

Roberto Civitelli, MD

Washington University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Thomas L. Clemens, PhD

University of Alabama at Birmingham
e-mail | web site | publications

Denis R. Clohisy, MD

University of Minnesota
e-mail | web site | publications

Barry S. Coller, MD

The Rockefeller University
e-mail | web site | publications

David W. Dempster, PhD

Columbia University
Helen Hayes Hospital
e-mail | web site | publications

Renny T. Franceschi, PhD

University of Michigan Schools of Dentistry and Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Paul S. Frenette, MD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Francis H. Glorieux, MD, PhD

McGill University
e-mail | web site | publications

Steven R. Goldring, MD

Hospital for Special Surgery
e-mail | web site | publications

Peter D. Gorevic, MD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Theresa A. Guise, MD

University of Virginia, Charlottesville
e-mail | web site | publications

Mark C. Horowitz, PhD

Yale University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Harald W. Jueppner, MD

Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
e-mail | web site | publications

Frederick S. Kaplan, MD

University of Pennsylvania Medical Center
e-mail | web site | publications

Sundeep Khosla, MD

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Henry M. Kronenberg, MD

Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
e-mail | publications

David L. Lacey, MD

Amgen Inc.
e-mail | web site | publications

Phoebe S. Leboy, PhD

University of Pennsylvania
e-mail | web site | publications

Alice C. Levine, MD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Iain MacIntyre, MD, PhD

Queen Mary University of London
e-mail | web site | publications

T. John Martin, MD, DSc

University of Melbourne
e-mail | web site | publications

Ronald N. Margolis, PhD

National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases – NIH
e-mail | web site | publications

Toshio Matsumoto, MD, PhD

University of Tokushima Graduate School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Jay M. McDonald, MD

University of Alabama at Birmingham
e-mail | web site | publications

Paul D. Miller, MD

University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
e-mail | publications

Gregory R. Mundy, MD

Vanderbilt University Center for Bone Biology
e-mail | web site | publications

Maria I. New, MD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Alan Nixon, DVM

Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Regis J. O'Keefe, MD, PhD

University of Rochester Medical Center
e-mail | web site | publications

Roberto Pacifici, MD

Emory University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Maurizio Pacifici, PhD

Thomas Jefferson University
e-mail | publications

Nicola C. Partridge, PhD

UMDNJ–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
e-mail | web site | publications

Michael Pazianas, MD

University of Pennsylvania
e-mail | publications

L. Darryl Quarles, MD

University of Kansas
e-mail | publications

Sevgi B. Rodan, PhD

University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine
e-mail | publications

G. David Roodman, MD, PhD

University of Pittsburgh
e-mail | web site | publications

Clifford J. Rosen, MD

St. Joseph Hospital
e-mail | publications

Michael Rosenblatt, MD

Tufts University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Clive Rosendorff, MD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

F. Patrick Ross, PhD

Washington University School of Medicine
e-mail | publications

Graham G. Russell, MD, PhD

Oxford University
e-mail | web site | publications

Kuber T. Sampath, PhD

Genzyme Corporation
e-mail | publications

Mitchell B. Schaffler, PhD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Ernestina Schipani, MD, PhD

Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
e-mail | publications

Edward M. Schwarz, PhD

University of Rochester School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Stuart L. Silverman, MD

Cedars-Sinai/University of California, Los Angeles
e-mail | web site | publications

Allen M. Spiegel, MD

Albert Einstein College of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

René St-Arnaud, PhD

Shriners Hospital for Children; McGill University
e-mail | publications

Li Sun, MD, PhD

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Hiroshi Takayanagi, MD, PhD

Tokyo Medical and Dental University
e-mail | web site | publications

Sakae Tanaka, MD, PhD

The University of Tokyo
e-mail | publications

Peter C. Taylor, BM Bch, PhD

Imperial College London
e-mail | publications

Rajesh V. Thakker, MD

University of Oxford
e-mail | publications

Mehrdad Tondravi, PhD

Center for Scientific Review - NIH
e-mail | publications

Dwight A. Towler, MD, PhD

Washington University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Charles H. Turner, PhD

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
e-mail | web site | publications

Michael P. Whyte, MD

Shriners Hospital for Children
Washington University School of Medicine
e-mail | web site | publications

Sunil J. Wimalawansa, MD, PhD

Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
e-mail | web site | publications

Toshiyuki Yoneda, PhD

Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
e-mail | publications

Alberta Zallone, PhD

University of Bari
e-mail | publications


Megan Stephan

Megan Stephan studied transporters and ion channels at Yale University for nearly two decades before giving up the pipettor for the pen. She specializes in covering research at the interface between biology, chemistry, and physics. Her work has appeared in The Scientist and Yale Medicine. Stephan holds a PhD in biology from Boston University.