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Calcium Dashboard – Details by Country

Bolivia (Plurinational State of)


Country Typology: High disease risk, high intervention/policy environment

Health Data

Preterm Births:

  • GBD Estimates: DALYS per 100,000 [CI]: 781 [593, 985] 1

Maternal Hypertensive Disorders - Preclampsia & Eclampsia Incidence: 2

  • % of Preeclampsia Cases: 4.80%
  • % of Eclampsia Cases: 0.70%
  • % of Combined Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: NR

Maternal Hypertensive Disorders - DALYS & Deaths: 3

  • DALYs per 100,000: 138.80 [96.52, 199.81]
  • Deaths per 100,000: 2.34 [1.62, 3.38]

Bone Fractures Incidence Rate per 100,000 [CI]: 1882.6 [1717.7, 2044] 4

Diet and Food Supply

Apparent Calcium Intake: 446 mg/day 5

Policies

Calcium Fortification:
No fortification policy

Antenatal Care Guidelines: 6

  • Supplementation Recommendation:
    1-2 g/day of calcium for women who have high risk factor for pre-eclampsia
  • Food-Based Recommendation:
    No recommendation

References:

1 Preterm Births - GBD Estimates
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Accessed 7/23/2025). For terms and conditions of use, please visit http://www.healthdata.org/about/terms-and-conditions

2 Maternal Hypertensive Disorders - Preclampsia & Eclampsia Incidence
Colomar, M., de Mucio, B., Sosa, C., et al. (2023). Neonatal outcomes according to different degrees of maternal morbidity: cross-sectional evidence from the Perinatal Information System (SIP) of the CLAP network. Global health action, 16(1), 2269736.

3 Maternal Hypertensive Disorders - DALYS & Deaths
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Accessed 9/16/2024).

4 Bone Fractures
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021). Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2022. Available from https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/. (Accessed 7/18/2025).

5 Apparent Calcium Intake
Updated for 2022 based on: Lividini, K., Masters, W.A. Tracing global flows of bioactive compounds from farm to fork in nutrient balance sheets can help guide intervention towards healthier food supplies. Nat Food 3, 703–715 (2022).

6 Antenatal Care Guidelines
Ministerio de Salud. Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Peru. GUÍA DE PRÁCTICA CLÍNICA PARA LA PREVENCIÓN Y MANEJO DE LA PREECLAMPSIA Y ECLAMPSIA. Published online 2018. Accessed May 7, 2024. https://www.inmp.gob.pe/uploads/Guia_Practica_Clinica_para_la_Prevencion_y_manejo_de_la_Preeclampsia_y_Eclampsia.pdf