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Calcium Dashboard – Details by Country

Greece


Country Typology: Low disease risk, high intervention/policy environment

Health Data

Preterm Births:

  • Lancet Estimates: Preterm Birth Rate per 100 Live Births: 11.6 [10.9-12.3] 1
  • GBD Estimates: DALYS per 100,000 [CI]: 210 [173, 249] 2

Maternal Hypertensive Disorders - DALYS & Deaths: 3

  • DALYs per 100,000: 1.86 [1.17, 2.78]
  • Deaths per 100,000: 0.01 [0.01, 0.01]

Bone Fractures Incidence Rate per 100,000 [CI]: 3035.2 [2756.6, 3349.4] 4

Diet and Food Supply

Calcium Intake: 1408.9mg/day (459.1) 5

Apparent Calcium Intake: 1338.4 mg/day 6

Policies

Calcium Fortification:
No fortification policy

Antenatal Care Guidelines: 7

  • Supplementation Recommendation:
    No recommendation
  • Food-Based Recommendation:
    1000 mg/day for adult pregnant women and 1300 mg/day for adolescents
    • Dairy: Milk, yogurt, cheese (e.g., feta)
    • Small fish with bones (e.g., sardines)
    • Dark green vegetables
    • Legumes
    • Nuts
    • Fortified plant-based products

References:

1 Preterm Births - Lancet Estimates
Ohuma EO, Moller A-B, Bradley E, et al. National, regional, and global. estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet 2023; 402: 1261–71.

2 Preterm Births - GBD Estimates
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Accessed 7/23/2025). For terms and conditions of use, please visit http://www.healthdata.org/about/terms-and-conditions

3 Maternal Hypertensive Disorders - DALYS & Deaths
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Accessed 9/16/2024).

4 Bone Fractures
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021). Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2022. Available from https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/. (Accessed 7/18/2025).

5 Calcium Intake
Hatzopoulou K, Filis V, Grammatikopoulou MG, Kotzamanidis C, Tsigga M. Greek pregnant women demonstrate inadequate micronutrient intake despite supplement use. J Diet Suppl 2014;11:155–65.

6 Apparent Calcium Intake
Updated for 2022 based on: Lividini, K., Masters, W.A. Tracing global flows of bioactive compounds from farm to fork in nutrient balance sheets can help guide intervention towards healthier food supplies. Nat Food 3, 703–715 (2022).

7 Antenatal Care Guidelines
Ministry of Health. NATIONAL NUTRITION GUIDE FOR WOMEN, PREGNANT AND LACTATING/EΘΝΙΚΟΣ ∆ΙΑΤΡΟΦΙΚΟΣ Ο∆ΗΓΟΣ ΓΙΑ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΕΣ, ΕΓΚΥΟΥΣ ΚΑΙ ΘΗΛΑΖΟΥΣΕΣ. Published online 2014. Accessed June 28, 2024. https://www.moh.gov.gr/articles/health/dieythynsh-dhmosias-ygieinhs/metadotika-kai-mh-metadotika-noshmata/c388-egkyklioi/5030-egkrish-diatrofikwn-systasewn-gia-geniko-plhthysmo-kai-eidikes-plhthysmiakes-omades%20?fdl=12326